랜섬웨어, IRS, 비트코인, MMT: 각 부분을 적절하게 합치기

Cyber Attack Infects 40,000 Computers, Ransom Demands Up to $5 Million

Yesterday, I noted Cyber Attack Infects 40,000 Computers, Ransom Demands Up to $5 Million

The payment demands are in Bitcoin as has been the case in nearly all ransom demands. 

In the latest attack, some companies have been asked for $5 million in ransom.

추천 기사

식민지 파이프 라인

월, Colonial Pipeline CEO Tells Why He Paid Hackers a $4.4 Million Ransom.

Joseph Blount, CEO of Colonial Pipeline Co., told The Wall Street Journal that he authorized the ransom payment of $4.4 million because executives were unsure how badly the cyberattack had breached its systems, and consequently, how long it would take to bring the pipeline back.

The pipeline, which transports gasoline, diesel, jet fuel and other refined products from the Gulf Coast to Linden, N.J., wound up being shut down for six days. The stoppage spurred a run on gasoline along parts of the East Coast that pushed prices to the highest levels in more than 6 ½ years and left thousands of gas stations without fuel.

Food Processor JBS

A month ago, food processor JBS paid $11 million in a ransomware attack. JBS is the world’s largest food processor and the biggest beef processor in the US.

JBS subsidiaries include widely recognized names such as Pilgrim’s Pride, the second-largest U.S. poultry processor.

Is Ransomware the IRS of Bitcoin?

That’s the claim made by WSJ writer James Mackintosh in 랜섬웨어는 비트코인의 국세청

While Mackintosh has some good ideas, the article is also a hodgepodge of poorly explained ideas. Let’s have a point by point look with what I agree with and what I don’t.

매킨토시: It doesn’t really matter how inconvenient it is to pay in bitcoin when you don’t have any other choice
뒤범벅: The inconvenience is having your systems shutdown and paying a ransom. Bitcoin adds little to the inconvenience. 

매킨토시: Money was created because early humans found it so inconvenient to barter with pigs, llamas or berries.
뒤범벅: Agreed

매킨토시: It would be much easier to swap my llamas for widely accepted items—cowrie shells, fancy feather boas or carved stones. Money was also a means of accounting for debts; easier still than using cowrie shells would be to take the grain now, get some notches on a tally stick, and later provide llamas, or grain, or whatever was promised to pay off the debt.
뒤범벅: Throughout history, when gold has been available, it was universally accepted as the preferred currency. 

매킨토시: Bitcoin has floundered because of the cost and hassle required to actually buy something in bitcoin.
뒤범벅: Agreed. And Lightning Network has done next to nothing to remedy that, despite claims of Bitcoin advocates. Proof is merchant acceptance.

매킨토시: Even in El Salvador, where bitcoin is being made legal tender, stuff will still be priced first in dollars, then translated into bitcoin for anyone paying in crypto.
뒤범벅: Agreed. And don’t believe for a second that El Salvador really has the interests of its citizens in mind. 

매킨토시: One of the founding principles of MMT is chartalism, the idea that money has value because we have to pay our taxes in it
뒤범벅: That is one of the few claims of MMT that makes any sense. But that happened slowly, then in spurts over time. First, president FDR confiscated gold. He should have been impeached and imprisoned for theft. Then in 1971, Nixon ended convertibility of gold. Financial recklessness ensued as evidenced by massive boom-bust cycles that ensued. Meanwhile, people had to pay taxes in dollars, once backed by gold (albeit with fraudulent fractional reserve lending), then by nothing. 

매킨토시: Think of the ransomware that encodes your hard drive and demands payment in bitcoin as the crypto version of a tax demand and IRS enforcement wrapped up together. If enough people have to go out and buy bitcoin to pay ransoms, others will produce and hold it ready to sell because there is steady demand. 
뒤범벅: This starts getting very sketchy. Bitcoin exploded in price before these massive ransomware attacks. It is the anonymity of Bitcoin (if the attackers are careful) that makes Bitcoin the preferred choice.

매킨토시: Ransomware provides a base level of demand, and plays the same role that taxes do in the traditional system.
뒤범벅: Ransomware is a drop in the bucket in regarding the price of Bitcoin. The supply of Bitcoin is every Bitcoin ever mined minus lost keys. Demand for Bitcoin is reflected in the price. A $5 million or even $11 million ransom is but a drop in the bucket in the grand scheme of things.

매킨토시: Unfortunately for bitcoin, the hack of Colonial Pipeline’s systems went too far. Governments have realized that they need to get serious about tackling ransomware threats, while the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s recovery of roughly half the Colonial payment appears to have pushed hackers to other, more secretive, cryptocurrencies.
뒤범벅: For starters, the FBI recovery of Bitcoin is because the “hackers” were sloppy. They committed numerous silly errors for such an alleged sophicated group. Not only did they leave a sloppy trail, they failed to put their illicit gains into cold storage and change the keys. These were not the errors of the true “hackers” but rather a group of insiders who worked with the hackers. Second, the switching away from Bitcoin is more in theory than practice, at least on a widespread basis. Bitcoin still rules because it is the most liquid cryptocurrency.

매킨토시: While bitcoin doesn’t appeal to our love of shiny stuff, or have gold’s history of use as money, it will act as a store of value if enough people believe it is a store of value.
뒤범벅: Volatility alone is enough to dispel the idea of bitcoin as a store of value but Mackintosh covers that in his next point. 

매킨토시: Quite apart from its insane swings in price (ideally stores of value wouldn’t double or halve every couple of months), it is full of people trading it in an attempt to become very rich very quickly. That is quite different from buying it as a way to protect one’s wealth if everything goes wrong, which is the usual justification for investing in gold.
뒤범벅: I am back in agreement.

Bitcoin Failed 

Bitcoin has totally failed as a transaction system, as a store of value, and as money. 

If that statement was false, more merchants would accept it. 

Bitcoin advocates point to Lightning Network, for speed and low transaction costs. So why aren’t many merchants on board?

Fundamental Issues Remain

1. How does a merchant who does not want to hold Bitcoin, quickly, and at low cost, instantaneously convert Bitcoin back to dollars or euros?  
2. Given that buyers of Bitcoin do so as a means of speculation, why would they want to purchase things using Bitcoin in the first place?
3. What about taxes? The moment someone does purchase something in Bitcoin, they have a tax issue to report. Who wants to deal with that?
4. What about Tether an alleged stable coins backed by nothing? Tether stands behind most of the Bitcoin trading. 
5. What about the possibility of government bans or crackdowns citing fraud, energy waste, money laundering, theft, and cyber attacks?

Elon’s Musk’s acceptance of Bitcoin then reversal in favor of the preposterous Dogecoin was amusing silliness. Other than to prove a point, why would anyone buy a Tesla with Bitcoin? 

Point number 5 is very real despite Bitcoin advocates protestations. 

Bitcoin Convertibility

If governments do ban or restrict Bitcoin convertibility into cash, what good is it?

No government can 육체적으로 confiscate your Bitcoin or other crypto if it is in cold storage. But by restricting convertibility to dollars, governments can easily make it worthless for anything but peer-to-peer barter.

The more cyber attacks we see and the higher the speculation in Bitcoin, the more likely governments do crack down.

The very best thing that could happen to Bitcoin would be price stability. The more stable, the more merchants would accept it. 

Unfortunately, however, Bitcoin is little but a speculation device. For reasons noted above it is highly unlikely to be anything more, ever.

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Source: https://mishtalk.com/economics/ransomware-the-irs-bitcoin-and-mmt-putting-the-pieces-together-properly