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Analyzing Token Sale Models

Time Stamp: February 20, 2024 1:29 PM - Modified On: February 20, 2024 - Published By:

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Note: I mention the names of various projects below only to compare and contrast their token sale mechanisms; this should NOT be taken as an endorsement or criticism of any specific project as a whole. It's entirely possible for any given project to be total trash as a whole and yet still have an awesome token sale model. The last few months have seen an increasing amount of innovation in token sale models. Two years ago, the space was simple: there were capped sales, which sold a fixed number of

Engineering Security Through Coordination Problems

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Time Stamp: February 20, 2024 1:18 PM - Modified On: February 20, 2024 - Published By:

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Republished By Plato

Recently, there was a small spat between the Core and Unlimited factions of the Bitcoin community, a spat which represents perhaps the fiftieth time the same theme was debated, but which is nonetheless interesting because of how it highlights a very subtle philosophical point about how blockchains work. ViaBTC, a mining pool that favors Unlimited, tweeted "hashpower is law", a usual talking point for the Unlimited side, which believes that miners have, and should have, a very large role in the governance of Bitcoin, the usual argument for this being

Hard Forks, Soft Forks, Defaults and Coercion

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Time Stamp: February 20, 2024 1:15 PM - Modified On: February 20, 2024 - Published By:

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Republished By Plato

One of the important arguments in the blockchain space is that of whether hard forks or soft forks are the preferred protocol upgrade mechanism. The basic difference between the two is that soft forks change the rules of a protocol by strictly reducing the set of transactions that is valid, so nodes following the old rules will still get on the new chain (provided that the majority of miners/validators implements the fork), whereas hard forks allow previously invalid transactions and blocks to become valid, so clients must upgrade their clients

A Note On Charity Through Marginal Price Discrimination

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Time Stamp: February 2, 2024 11:16 AM - Modified On: February 2, 2024 - Published By:

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Republished By Plato

Vitalik Buterin via the Vitalik Buterin Blog Updated 2018-07-28. See end note. The following is an interesting idea that I had two years ago that I personally believe has promise and could be easily implemented in the context of a blockchain ecosystem, though if desired it could certainly also be implemented with more traditional technologies (blockchains would help get the scheme network effects by putting the core logic on a more neutral platform). Suppose that you are a restaurant selling sandwiches, and you ordinarily sell sandwiches for $7.50. Why did

[Mirror] Zk-SNARKs: Under the Hood

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Time Stamp: February 2, 2024 11:10 AM - Modified On: February 2, 2024 - Published By:

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Vitalik Buterin via the Vitalik Buterin Blog This is a mirror of the post at https://medium.com/@VitalikButerin/zk-snarks-under-the-hood-b33151a013f6 This is the third part of a series of articles explaining how the technology behind zk-SNARKs works; the previous articles on quadratic arithmetic programs and elliptic curve pairings are required reading, and this article will assume knowledge of both concepts. Basic knowledge of what zk-SNARKs are and what they do is also assumed. See also Christian Reitwiessner's article here for another technical introduction. In the previous articles, we introduced the quadratic arithmetic program, a

[Mirror] Exploring Elliptic Curve Pairings

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Time Stamp: February 2, 2024 11:01 AM - Modified On: February 2, 2024 - Published By:

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Vitalik Buterin via the Vitalik Buterin Blog This is a mirror of the post at https://medium.com/@VitalikButerin/exploring-elliptic-curve-pairings-c73c1864e627 Trigger warning: math. One of the key cryptographic primitives behind various constructions, including deterministic threshold signatures, zk-SNARKs and other simpler forms of zero-knowledge proofs is the elliptic curve pairing. Elliptic curve pairings (or "bilinear maps") are a recent addition to a 30-year-long history of using elliptic curves for cryptographic applications including encryption and digital signatures; pairings introduce a form of "encrypted multiplication", greatly expanding what elliptic curve-based protocols can do. The purpose of this

[Mirror] A Proof of Stake Design Philosophy

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Time Stamp: February 2, 2024 10:55 AM - Modified On: February 2, 2024 - Published By:

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Vitalik Buterin via the Vitalik Buterin Blog This is a mirror of the post at https://medium.com/@VitalikButerin/a-proof-of-stake-design-philosophy-506585978d51 Systems like Ethereum (and Bitcoin, and NXT, and Bitshares, etc) are a fundamentally new class of cryptoeconomic organisms — decentralized, jurisdictionless entities that exist entirely in cyberspace, maintained by a combination of cryptography, economics and social consensus. They are kind of like BitTorrent, but they are also not like BitTorrent, as BitTorrent has no concept of state — a distinction that turns out to be crucially important. They are sometimes described as decentralized autonomous

[Mirror] Quadratic Arithmetic Programs: from Zero to Hero

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Time Stamp: February 2, 2024 10:41 AM - Modified On: February 2, 2024 - Published By:

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Vitalik Buterin via the Vitalik Buterin Blog This is a mirror of the post at https://medium.com/@VitalikButerin/quadratic-arithmetic-programs-from-zero-to-hero-f6d558cea649 There has been a lot of interest lately in the technology behind zk-SNARKs, and people are increasingly trying to demystify something that many have come to call "moon math" due to its perceived sheer indecipherable complexity. zk-SNARKs are indeed quite challenging to grasp, especially due to the sheer number of moving parts that need to come together for the whole thing to work, but if we break the technology down piece by piece then

Bozo.Finance. A Groundbreaking NFTxTOKEN Solution Revolutionizing Decentralized Finance.

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Time Stamp: February 1, 2024 10:47 AM - Modified On: February 1, 2024 - Published By:

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Bozo.Finance / Bozo Hybrid In an innovative leap forward for the DeFi space, Bozo Hybrid announces the launch of its revolutionary platform - a first-of-its-kind NFTxTOKEN hybrid that is reshaping the landscape of liquidity and asset interchangeability. The Game-Changing Innovation of Bozo HYBRID Bozo HYBRID is not just another project in the blockchain space. It represents a paradigm shift, a true DeFi 2.0 model, by integrating non-fungible tokens (NFTs) with fungible tokens ($bozo tokens) to create a two-way liquidity portal. This hybrid approach is a breakthrough in the market,

The promise and challenges of crypto + AI applications

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Time Stamp: January 31, 2024 4:49 AM - Modified On: January 31, 2024 - Published By:

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Author: Vitalik Buterin via the Vitalik Buterin Blog Special thanks to the Worldcoin and Modulus Labs teams, Xinyuan Sun, Martin Koeppelmann and Illia Polosukhin for feedback and discussion. Many people over the years have asked me a similar question: what are the intersections between crypto and AI that I consider to be the most fruitful? It's a reasonable question: crypto and AI are the two main deep (software) technology trends of the past decade, and it just feels like there must be some kind of connection between the two. It's

Key trends and innovation in iGaming in 2024

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Time Stamp: January 30, 2024 9:45 AM - Modified On: February 27, 2024 - Published By:

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In 2024, the gambling industry is entering a new era, keeping pace with technological advancements and consumers' changing tastes. This industry is constantly changing, and the latest trends and innovations play an important role in predicting its future. In this article, we will look at the main trends and innovative changes in the gambling industry in 2024. Use of artificial intelligence and machine learning The use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning in the gambling industry has made remarkable progress. These technologies play a key role in keeping games

Skyward Bound: HDEX brings eFrancisco Motors and LuftCar Together For Groundbreaking Partnership

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Time Stamp: January 29, 2024 4:52 AM - Modified On: January 29, 2024 - Published By:

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A New Electric Vertical Take-off and Landing (eVTOL) Project Begins FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Camarines Norte, Philippines – January 28, 2024 HDEX is proud to announce that two partners, eFrancisco Motor Corporation and Luftcar have come together to develop a new Electric Vertical Take-off and Landing (eVTOL) project. The focal point of this groundbreaking collaboration is the development of the LUFT PINOY eVTOL powered by Hydrogen. Aron Dutta, Chairman of HDEX, stated, “HDEX was pleased to help facilitate this exciting partnership. What is happening in the Philippines will be the case

[Mirror] Zk-SNARKs: Under the Hood

Skyward Bound: HDEX brings eFrancisco Motors and LuftCar Together For Groundbreaking Partnership

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